支撑部门知识库

(1) 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室

The presence of heavy metals in the coastal environment has been of great concern due to their non-biodegradable nature. This study aims to investigate single and joint acute toxic effects of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on Palaemon carincauda and provides the basis for the water quality management of aquaculture. The effects of different concentrations of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on P. carincauda within 96 h were investigated by using the semistatic acute toxicity test. The results showed the following:(1)The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h median lethal concentrations(LC_(50))of Cd~(2+) on P. carincauda were 138.699, 33.110, 9.719 and 3.650 mg/L, respectively, and the 48, 72 and 96 h LC_(50) of Pb~(2+) were 254.541, 62.750 and 29.074 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h safety concentrations(SC)of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) on P. carincauda were predicted to be 0.365 mg/L and 2.907 mg/L, respectively;(2)At a concentration ratio of 1︰1, the additive index values for Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) were 0.155, 0.068, and 0.258 during the experiment time of 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. These results indicated that Cd~(2+) presented higher toxicity toward the shrimps than Pb~(2+). Joint toxic effects of Cd~(2+) and Pb~(2+) demonstrated synergistic effects during the experimental period.

近年来,中国近岸重金属污染问题日趋严重。作者通过研究重金属Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda)的单一及复合急性毒性效应,为其养殖水质管理提供科学依据。本研究采用半静态急性毒性测定方法,开展了不同浓度Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h内的急性毒性试验。研究结果表明:在单一污染物暴露下, Cd~(2+)对脊尾白虾24、48、72、96 h的半数致死质量浓度(LC_(50))分别为138.699、 33.110、9.719、3.650 mg/L, Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾48、72、96 h的LC_(50)分别为254.541、62.750、29.074 mg/L; Cd~(2+)、Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h的安全质量浓度分别为0.365和2.907 mg/L;在等浓度配比(1︰ 1)暴露下, Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)复合污染对目标生物在48、72、96 h暴露期间的毒性相加指数(additive index, AI)分别为0.155、0.068、0.258。综上所述, Cd~(2+)对脊尾白虾的毒性较Pb~(2+)更强, Cd~(2+)和Pb~(2+)对脊尾白虾的复合污染均表现出较明显的协同作用。