Particle Dynamics in the Nearshore of Lake Michigan Revealed by an Observation-Modeling System

doi:10.1029/2019JC015765

	Particle Dynamics in the Nearshore of Lake Michigan Revealed by an Observation-Modeling System
	Mao, Miaohua1 ; Xia, Meng 2
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
ISSN	2169-9275
	2020-08-01
卷号	125 期号:8 页码:26
关键词	particle dynamics numerical modeling drifter observation winds waves
DOI	10.1029/2019JC015765
通讯作者	Xia, Meng(mxia@umes.edu)
英文摘要	Given that few drifter experiments combined with a wave-current coupled model system had been conducted in the complex nearshore area, this work was motivated to reveal the nearshore dynamics by applying an observation-modeling system to Lake Michigan. Analysis of 11 surface drifters, wind, and current observations along the lake's eastern coast indicates that their trajectories are synergistically controlled by winds and initial releasing sites. Additionally, strong winds significantly impact nearshore dynamics, and the highly sensitive nearshore and offshore drifters are stranded in distinct regions. Simulations indicate that the model reproduces drifter trajectories and endpoints reasonably and that particle fates are mainly dominated by winds, while effects from heat flux and waves are also important. Further analysis of wave effects on particle dynamics indicates that both the wave-induced sea surface roughness and Stokes drift advection are crucial to the simulated particle trajectories during wind events. Finally, virtual experiments confirm that particle dynamics are evidently susceptible to winds and initial locations. Overall, both the inclusion of physics effects (e.g., adding winds, heat fluxes, and waves) and diminishing the model uncertainties (e.g., from various wind data sources, wind drag coefficient formulations, model grids, and vertical turbulent mixing parameterizations) are important methods to improve the particle simulations. The successful application of this nearshore observation-modeling system to Lake Michigan can be beneficial to the understanding of nearshore-offshore transports and larval and fisheries recruitment success in similar freshwater and estuarine environments. Plain Language Summary We combine surface drifter observations and computer simulations to understand movements of particles in the nearshore of Lake Michigan. Analysis of drifters' moving paths, wind, and current measurements in the summers of 2014 and 2015 indicates that drifter movements are strongly related to winds and initial releasing sites. Multiple computer programs were run to simulate the designed scenarios by artificially removing one of the influencing factors at each simulation from the model. We find that particle movements are collectively affected by winds, heat flux transfer between the air and lake water, and surface gravity waves. Further investigations demonstrate that both wave-induced sea surface roughness and Stokes drift advection are important to the simulated particle trajectories during wind events. After doing "what-if" scenarios in the computer model, distinct particle routes driven by wind-induced surface flows were simulated for virtual particles hypothetically released at various locations near the lake's southeastern coast. For example, nearshore group primarily shows longshore movements, while offshore one drifts into the deep basin. Overall, both the inclusion of physics effects (e.g., adding winds, heat fluxes, and waves) and diminishing the model uncertainties (e.g., from various wind data sources, wind drag coefficient formulations, model grids, and vertical turbulent mixing parameterizations) are important methods to improve the particle simulations. The outcome from this study will enhance the understanding of larval transport from nearshore to offshore areas in Lake Michigan and similar freshwater and estuarine environments.
资助机构	National Science Foundation ; NOAA GLERL
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
关键词[WOS]	COASTAL SURFACE CURRENTS ; WAVE-CURRENT INTERACTION ; GREAT-LAKES ; DRIFTER OBSERVATIONS ; OCEAN CIRCULATION ; THERMAL STRUCTURE ; SEA-SURFACE ; WIND-STRESS ; RIVER ; TRANSPORT
研究领域[WOS]	Oceanography
WOS记录号	WOS:000577126400041
引用统计	被引频次：17[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.yic.ac.cn/handle/133337/28465
专题	中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室_海岸带环境过程实验室
通讯作者	Xia, Meng
作者单位	1.Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, CAS Key Lab Coastal Environm Proc & Ecol Remediat, Yantai, Peoples R China 2.Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mao, Miaohua,Xia, Meng. Particle Dynamics in the Nearshore of Lake Michigan Revealed by an Observation-Modeling System[J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS,2020,125(8):26.
APA	Mao, Miaohua,&Xia, Meng.(2020).Particle Dynamics in the Nearshore of Lake Michigan Revealed by an Observation-Modeling System.JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS,125(8),26.
MLA	Mao, Miaohua,et al."Particle Dynamics in the Nearshore of Lake Michigan Revealed by an Observation-Modeling System".JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS 125.8(2020):26.

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