环境中微塑料研究进展与展望

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	环境中微塑料研究进展与展望
其他题名	Research progresses and prospects of microplastics in the environment
	骆永明1,3 ; 施华宏 2; 涂晨3 ; 周倩 3; 季荣 4; 潘响亮 5; 徐向荣 6; 吴辰熙 7; 安立会 8; 孙晓霞 9; 何德富 10; 李艳芳3 ; 马旖旎 4; 李连祯3
发表期刊	科学通报
ISSN	0023-074X
	2021
卷号	66 期号:13 页码:1547-1562
关键词	微塑料环境介质环境行为生态风险
研究领域	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
英文摘要	The term microplastics (MPs) refers to fine plastics less than 5 mm in size and includes primary sources from the original production of small-sized particles and secondary sources from the degradation or fragmentation of large plastics. MPs have been widely detected in marine (estuaries, bays, coastal zones, deep seas, ocean waters and sediments), soils (farmlands, urban soils, wetlands, landfill and polar areas), freshwater (lakes, rivers, reservoirs, snow and ice, and sewage treatment plants) and sediments, atmosphere (outdoor and indoor airs), living organisms (plants, animals, microorganisms, human and pet faeces), and foods (table salts, drinking waters, beers, vegetables and pet foods). Besides, MPs could be acted as the vector for many environmental pollutants, pathogens and even antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Moreover, MPs can be taken up by various terrestrial and aquatic organisms and transfer along the food chain at various trophic levels. Thus, environmental MP pollution is becoming one of the most serious threats to the Earth's surface ecosystems which has attracted serious concern and extensive research by many governments and the scientific community worldwide. Up to now, comprehensive studies and reports on the latest multidisciplinary research progress on microplastics in multiple environmental media remain limited. From the perspectives of earth sciences, chemistry, biology, and management, this article systematically reviews the research progress on the abundance, distribution and sources of microplastics in the waters, soils, atmosphere, sediments and organisms; the separation and analytical methods of microplastics in multiple environmental media; the migration and prediction of microplastics in terrestrial, marine and atmospheric environments; the surface changes and biofilm formation on microplastics and their adsorption characterization of environmental pollutants, pathogens and ARGs; the biological uptake, accumulation and ecological risks of MPs; the food chain transfer and health risks of MPs; the physico-chemical fragmentation and biodegradation of MPs in the environment and their risk reduction strategies and techniques. Finally, the key scientific issues and future research directions of environmental microplastics are also proposed in this review, such as methdology breakthroughs in separation and identification of submicron and nanoscale microplastics; comprehensive study on the distribution, migration, transport and flux of microplastics in environmental multi-media at cross-reginal and global scale; comprehensive monitoring, quantitative characterization and long-term evaluating the impacts of environmental microplastics on ecosystems; and the systematic assessment of human health risks of microplastics to different populations.
中文摘要	环境微塑料污染正成为整个地球表层生态系统最严重的威胁之一,受到世界多国政府的严重关切和科技界多学科的广泛研究.本文从地球科学、化学、生物学、管理学等多学科角度,系统综述了水、土、气、沉积物、生物等环境介质中微塑料的丰度分布和来源、分离与分析方法、陆海空迁移与预测、表面变化与吸附特征、生物吸收积累与生态风险、食物链传递与健康风险、降解与削减等方面的国内外研究进展,并展望了环境微塑料未来研究方向与关键科学问题,旨在促进环境微塑料污染的研究与治理.
文章类型	Review
资助机构	国家自然科学基金 ; 中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目 ; 国家重点研发计划
收录类别	CSCD
语种	中文
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6981035
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.yic.ac.cn/handle/133337/30275
专题	中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室_海岸带环境过程实验室
作者单位	1.中国科学院南京土壤研究所中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京210008; 2.华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,烟台264003; 3.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,上海200241; 4.南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京210023; 5.浙江工业大学环境学院,杭州310014; 6.中国科学院南海海洋研究所中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室,广州510301; 7.中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072; 8.中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012; 9.中国科学院海洋研究所胶州湾海洋生态系统研究站,青岛266071; 10.华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	骆永明,施华宏,涂晨,等. 环境中微塑料研究进展与展望[J]. 科学通报,2021,66(13):1547-1562.
APA	骆永明.,施华宏.,涂晨.,周倩.,季荣.,...&李连祯.(2021).环境中微塑料研究进展与展望.科学通报,66(13),1547-1562.
MLA	骆永明,et al."环境中微塑料研究进展与展望".科学通报 66.13(2021):1547-1562.

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