中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室知识库

上海科技馆;浙江大学环境与资源学院;浙江农业科学院农产品质量与标准研究所;中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所);中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所;中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所;

Soil mites are good indicators for soil quality assessment, but they rarely have been used to indicate pollution levels of soil polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In former studies, mite community structure parameters (usually at group level) such as density, group richness, diversity index and evenness were mainly used as indicators. Since these indicators were established on coarse taxonomic resolution, the assessment effects have usually been found to be variable and unstable. The present study aims at finding more sensitive parameters of soil mite communities to PAHs among individual species, sex ratio and life history traits. Effects of PAH contamination on mite community structure were investigated in vegetable fields in Eastern China December, 2008, by contrasting the effects observed in the polluted soil with the reference study sites. Soil properties and heavy metals were examined as well as the PAH concentrations and mite community structure parameters. Total concentration of PAHs in polluted sites was ca. 18.7 to 26.8 mg kg-1 dw soil, being 5.3 to 7.6 times of that in reference study site. Density and species richness of Macropylina, (Oribatida), in polluted sites were 3.2 to 8.5 and 1.0 to 2.2 times more than those in reference site, respectively. Oppositely, 1r-species density, male density and sex ratio of Mesostigmata were higher in reference site than in polluted sites by 0.9 to 1.1, 2.2 to 3.3 and 1.0 to 2.6, respectively, and negatively correlated with total PAH concentration. The results suggest that Macropylina and 1r-species, male individuals and sex ratio of Mesostigmata may be sensitive to soil PAH pollution directly or indirectly and can be further developed as indicators for assessment of soil pollution.

土壤蜱螨目是土壤质量评价的较好指示生物,但还很少用于多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的研究。已有的研究主要采用群落组成参数作为指标特征,且大多在类群水平上,如,密度、类群多度、多样性指数和均匀性指数等。由于这些指标是建立在较粗的分类基础上,因此,评价结果通常变异性较大,不够稳定。本研究是在物种水平上,除对群落组成参数外,还着重对生活史和雌雄性比例等生物学特征进行了研究,以筛选更为敏感的指标特征。研究采用污染田与对照田对比的方法,于2008年对华东区一蔬菜田的PAHs污染及其对土壤螨群落结构的影响进行了调查研究。除土壤螨群落结构参数和16种优先监控PAH化合物外,还对土壤理化和重金属进行了测定。PAHs...