The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently and cheaply regulating and controlling fermentation to produce acetic acid and butyric acid. Heat-treating the environmental sample, adding amorphous pyrite as inducer, and incubating under oligotrophic condition; The incubated culture is transferred to MSG-enriched medium and subculture is continued, even if the organic acids in the culture ferment to produce acetic acid and butyric acid. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the metabolism of the microbial flora can be regulated and controlled efficiently, conveniently and cheaply, and the method has important guiding significance and wide application prospect in the process of producing organic acid with high added value by microbial fermentation.
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