The invention relates to a technology for improving a saline and alkaline land and particularly relates to rhizobium and an application thereof. The rhizobium (Ensifersp.) YIC4027 has been collected in China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (short for CGMCC and the address is No. 3, No. 1 yard, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing), and the collection number is CGMCC No. CGMCC 10994. The rhizobium has the advantages that the strain growth speed is fast, saline and alkaline resistance is achieved, effective symbiotic nitrogen fixation with sesbania can be achieved, the growth of the sesbania can be obviously promoted under the environment of greenhouses and large fields, the yield of above-ground parts and under-ground parts of plants can be obviously increased, and the yield and the quality of the sesbania are improved; the benefit for planting the sesbania to improve the saline and alkaline lands and other barren lands is achieved, the use of fertilizer is reduced, the environmental pollution caused by the fertilizer is reduced and finally the purposes of improving the saline and alkaline soil and barren soil, promoting ecological restoration and protecting the ecological environment are achieved.
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