The invention belongs to the field of microalgae biotechnologies, and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing astaxanthin by inducing chlorella vulgaris by using a pigment synthetase helper factor. The method specifically comprises the steps of : activating and culturing the chlorella vulgaris in a liquid culture medium to obtain a synchronously growing chlorella vulgaris solution for later use; and taking the chlorella vulgaris solution growing to an exponential growth phase, adding the pigment synthetase helper factor in the chlorella vulgaris solution, replenishing a carbon source and a nitrogen source for culturing, ending the culturing until the accumulation of the astaxanthin in chlorella vulgaris cells is maximum, and harvesting cell disruption and extracting the astaxanthin. The method is simple and easy to operate and low in cost, and is capable of remarkably increasing the yield of the astaxanthin, thereby greatly increasing the efficiency of producing the astaxanthin by the chlorella vulgaris.
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