The invention relates to the fields of functional foods, health-care products, daily chemicals and the like, in particular to N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan containing thiazolium salt, and preparation and application of the N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan. N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan containing thiazole salt is shown in formula I, wherein the average value range of polymerization degree n is 10-1300. The invention has the advantages that a plurality of active groups are simultaneously introduced into the 2-position amino group and the 6-position hydroxyl group of the chitosan, and tests of antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic activity show that the N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan containing thiazole salt has extremely strong antioxidant activity and bacteriostatic activity, and the derivative has good water solubility. In addition, the derivative is simple in preparation process, high in yield, easy to operate and easy for large-scale industrialization, and can be widely popularized to the fields of functional foods, health care products and daily chemicals.
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