基于多源遥感数据的中国东部地表过程研究-以植被指数、地表温度和蒸散发为例 | |
朱明明 | |
学位类型 | 博士 |
导师 | 施平 ; 侯西勇 |
2012-05-27 | |
学位授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
学位授予地点 | 北京 |
学位专业 | 环境科学 |
关键词 | 植被指数 地表温度 蒸散发 遥感 中国东部地区 黄河三角洲 |
摘要 | 基于时间序列的遥感参数数据集,刻画各种地表过程的演变规律,是区域变化研究的重要内容。植被指数和地表温度是描述地表过程的重要参数,分别在植被生长监测、土地覆盖分类、物候特征识别与信息提取以及水文循环、生态、环境等研究中具有重要意义。蒸散发是地表水分循环过程中的重要环节,是水量平衡和能量平衡的重要组成部分。基于时间序列重建后的2001~2010年的MODIS植被指数和地表温度数据产品,分析中国东部地区植被覆盖和地表温度的时空分布特征及演变趋势;基于Landsat TM和MODIS两种数据源估算黄河三角洲的日蒸散发和月蒸散发,分析蒸散发的空间格局及其对土地利用/土地覆盖变化的响应特征。取得的主要结论如下: |
其他摘要 | The study on the law of land surface process evolution based on time series of remote sensing data set is an important part of regional changes. Vegetation index and Land surface temperature are key parameters describing land surface process that are of great significance in the vegetation growth monitoring, land cover classification, phenology characteristics identification and hydrologic cycle, ecological environment, respectively. Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of land surface water cycle and also of the water and energy balance. Based on reconstructed time series Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) products from 2001 to 2010, the space-time characteristics and evolving trends of vegetation and land surface temperature in the eastern China are investigated in this paper. Besides, Daily and monthly ET are evaluated based on Landsat TM and MODIS data in the yellow river delta (the YRD). The characteristics in space-time and their response to Land use / cover change are analyzed. (1)Spatial-temporal characters of NDVI and its evolving trend NDVI has obvious season rule in the eastern China form 2001 to 2010 that is consistent with the growing features of plants. NDVI curves of the Eastern China, Northeast zone, Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe zone, the lower-middle reaches of Yangtze River, Jiangnan zone, South China zone are all single-peak distribution with highest values in July and in August. Amplitude of NDVI curve decreases gradually accompanying with the regional geography position from north to south. Interannual characteristics of NDVI show that vegetation remains stable with average annual NDVI ranging between 0.54 and 0.58 in the Eastern China. The regular of NDVI distribution is controlled by the changes of latitude. The NDVI decreases from north to south in return. Space distribution pattern is similar, low NDVI areas are located mainly in the west of Northeast zone, farming-pastoral areas of Hebei province, the YRD, hilly county of central Shandong, around the metropolis (Beijing, Tianjin, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta), however, high NDVI areas are mainly located in the Jiangnan zone and South China zone, especially in the eastern Taiwan, south and central part of Hainan. The vegetation performs two kinds of trends, one is that vegetation was improved and will be improved in the future; and the other is that vegetation was degenerated and will be degenerated in the future. All zones show degraded and continued degradation characteristics except Jiangnan zone. Areas of vegetation that was degenerated and will be degenerated are mainly distributed in big cities or around urban agglomeration, such as Liaoning center-city groups, areas around cities of Beijing-Shijiazhuang-Zhengzhou-Luoyang, Wuhan, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and most parts of Taiwan. (2)Spatial-temporal characters of LST and its evolving trend LST changes obviously corresponding to the seasons. LST is higher from May to August than other months in the Eastern China, and the differences in LST are small between north and south regions. The differences in LST are the highest in winter with the greatest differences in January. The differences in LST for seasons narrow from north to south revealing that latitude is of significant effects to LST. The average annual LST is between 19.70 and 20.70℃ and remains stable in the Eastern China. Latitude has remarkable influence on LST. LST of the five zones increases from north to south. The overall space characteristics of LST are: high in south areas but low in north areas, high in plains and basins but low in mountains and hills, high in urban cities but low in water bodies. The LST mainly shows two kinds of trends, one is that LST was decreased and will be decreased in the future; and the other is that LST was increased and will be increased in the future. All zones show decreased and continued decreased characteristics except Jiangnan zone. The LST of all zones shows decreased trends both in spring and in summer. The LST of all zones shows increased trends in winter except the Northeast zone. (3)Spatial-temporal characters of ET and its response to land use/cover change Monthly ET in the growing seasons from May to October in 2009 is single-peak distributed with a well seasonal variation in the YRD. Spatial differences of ET in the YRD are significant for different land use types. High-value areas are mainly distributed in the national nature reserve located in the eastern part of Dongying, saltern and sea water culture zones in the Hekou district, the surrounding reservoirs of the central urban area of Dongying, high-quality farmland in Guangrao country. Land use types decide the level of ET. The mean value of ET in the decreasing order is: water body, beach, reed land, grassland and forest, farmland, construction area, unused land. Land use/cover accounting for about 58.74% of the study area had changed in the past 23 years, in which unused land transferring to water body is the most of all transfer types. Areas that ET intensity had changed accounted for 52.77% of the YRD, and land use/cover accounting for about 91.51% of the total area had changed for ET increased sharply areas. Unused land transferred to water body was the main transfer type for ET increasing areas while farmland transferred to construction area was the main transfer type for ET decreasing areas. |
语种 | 英语 |
文献类型 | 学位论文 |
条目标识符 | http://ir.yic.ac.cn/handle/133337/5631 |
专题 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所知识产出_学位论文 |
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 朱明明. 基于多源遥感数据的中国东部地表过程研究-以植被指数、地表温度和蒸散发为例[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2012. |
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