The invention relates to the field of biological materials, in particular to a method for forming fiber through self-assembly of aquatic collagen. The collagen is dissolved in acetic acid solution, and is centrifugated to obtain supernatant; the supernatant and phosphate buffer are mixed in ice bath, and are evenly stirred; the pH of the solution is adjusted; and the water bath is performed for the solution at the temperature of 20-30 DEG C in a water bath pot for 12-48 hours so as to obtain self-assembled collagen fiber with alternately dark and bright cross grains. The aquatic collagen self-assembly obtained by the method is silk fiber; and the collagen fiber is observed under an atomic force microscope to present the alternately dark and bright cross grains, is most similar to the collagen fiber naturally existed in fish skin in morphology, and has potential application prospect in the field of medical biological materials. The method has the advantages of simple operation, no use of organic solvent and no hazardous effect, and accords with the requirements of green chemistry.
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