Village energy survey reveals missing rural raw coal in northern China: Significance in science and policy

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.009

	Village energy survey reveals missing rural raw coal in northern China: Significance in science and policy
	Zhi, Guorui ; Zhang, Yayun ; Sun, Jianzhong ; Cheng, Miaomiao ; Dang, Hongyan ; Liu, Shijie ; Yang, Junchao ; Zhang, Yuzhe ; Xue, Zhigang ; Li, Shuyuan ; Meng, Fan ; Zhi, GR (reprint author), 8 Dayangfang,Beiyuan Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. zhigr@craes.org.cn
发表期刊	ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
ISSN	0269-7491
	2017-04
卷号	223 页码:705-712
关键词	Black Carbon Emissions Spatial-distribution Aerosols Pm2.5 Inventory Impacts Trends Asia
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.009
产权排序	[Zhi, Guorui; Zhang, Yayun; Sun, Jianzhong; Cheng, Miaomiao; Dang, Hongyan; Liu, Shijie; Zhang, Yuzhe; Xue, Zhigang; Meng, Fan] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China; [Zhang, Yayun; Zhang, Yuzhe; Li, Shuyuan] China Univ Petr, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China; [Sun, Jianzhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Res, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China; [Yang, Junchao] Sci Res Acad Guangxi Environm Protect, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang, Peoples R China
作者部门	中科院烟台海岸带研究所知识产出
英文摘要	Burning coal for winter heating has been considered a major contributor to northern China's winter haze, with the district heating boilers holding the balance. However a decade of intensive efforts on district heating boilers brought few improvements to northern China's winter air quality, arousing a speculation that the household heating stoves mainly in rural area rather than the district heating boilers mainly in urban area dominate coal emissions in winter. This implies an extreme underestimation of rural household coal consumption by the China Energy Statistical Yearbooks (CESYs), although direct evidence supporting this speculation is lacking. A village energy survey campaign was launched to gather the firsthand information on household coal consumption in the rural areas of two cities, Baoding (in Hebei province) and Beijing (the capital of China). The survey data show that the rural raw coal consumption in Baoding (5.04 x 10(3) kt) was approximately 6.5 times the value listed in the official CESY 2013 and exceeded the rural total of whole Hebei Province (4668 kt), revealing a huge amount of raw coal missing from the current statistical system. More importantly, rural emissions of particulate matter (PM) and SO2 from raw coal, which had never been included in widely distributing environmental statistical reports, were found higher than those from industrial and urban household sectors in the two cities in 2013, which highlights the importance of rural coal burning in creating northern China's heavy haze and helps to explain why a number of modeling predictions on ambient pollutant concentrations based on normal emission inventories were more bias-prone in winter season than in other seasons. We therefore recommend placing greater emphasis on the "missing" rural raw coal to help China in its long-term ambition to achieve clean air in the context of rapid economic development. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
文章类型	Article
资助机构	National Natural Science Foundation of China [41373131, 41173121]
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
关键词[WOS]	BLACK CARBON EMISSIONS ; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION ; AEROSOLS ; PM2.5 ; INVENTORY ; IMPACTS ; TRENDS ; ASIA
研究领域[WOS]	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS记录号	WOS:000397359500075
引用统计	被引频次：81[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.yic.ac.cn/handle/133337/22097
专题	中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所知识产出
通讯作者	Zhi, GR (reprint author), 8 Dayangfang,Beiyuan Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. zhigr@craes.org.cn
作者单位	1.Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China 2.China Univ Petr, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China 3.China Univ Petr, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Res, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China 5.Sci Res Acad Guangxi Environm Protect, Nanning 530022, Guangxi Zhuang, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhi, Guorui,Zhang, Yayun,Sun, Jianzhong,et al. Village energy survey reveals missing rural raw coal in northern China: Significance in science and policy[J]. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,2017,223:705-712.
APA	Zhi, Guorui.,Zhang, Yayun.,Sun, Jianzhong.,Cheng, Miaomiao.,Dang, Hongyan.,...&Zhi, GR .(2017).Village energy survey reveals missing rural raw coal in northern China: Significance in science and policy.ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION,223,705-712.
MLA	Zhi, Guorui,et al."Village energy survey reveals missing rural raw coal in northern China: Significance in science and policy".ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 223(2017):705-712.

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