The sources and sinks of carbon monoxide in the St. Lawrence estuarine system

	The sources and sinks of carbon monoxide in the St. Lawrence estuarine system
	Zhang, Yong1,2 ; Xie, Huixiang 1
发表期刊	DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
ISSN	0967-0645
	2012-12-15
卷号	81-84 期号:.页码:114-123
关键词	Carbon Monoxide Photooxidation Organic Carbon Cycling Air-sea Gas Exchange Estuary St. Lawrence River
产权排序	[Zhang, Yong] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Key Lab Coastal Zone Environm Proc, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China; [Zhang, Yong; Xie, Huixiang] Univ Quebec, Inst Sci Mer Rimouski, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada;
通讯作者	Xie, HX (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Sci Mer Rimouski, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada.
作者部门	中科院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室
英文摘要	The rates of photoproduction, dark production, microbial consumption, and air-water exchange of dissolved carbon monoxide (CO) were independently assessed for the first time for a large sub-arctic estuarine water body, the Canadian St. Lawrence estuary system. Areal CO photoproduction in all four seasons increases from the Upper Estuary to the Lower Estuary to the northwestern (NW) Gulf of St. Lawrence. Areal microbial CO consumption and water-to-air flux follow the same order as photoproduction except in spring when the sequence of the Lower Estuary and the NW Gulf is reversed. Areal CO dark production tracks the ascending order of Lower Estuary < NW Gulf < Upper Estuary. Seasonally, the areal CO photoproduction and microbial CO consumption are highest in summer followed sequentially by spring, autumn, and winter. The areal CO dark production and water-to-air flux are in the ascending sequence of winter < spring < autumn < summer. Annual CO photoproduction, dark production, microbial consumption, and water-to-air flux in the St. Lawrence estuary and NW Gulf are estimated to be 4.91, 0.78, 5.45, and 0.44-0.86 Gg (gigagram) (Gg, 1 Gg=10(9) g) CO-C, respectively. These independently estimated source (5.69 Gg CO-C yr(-1)) and sink (5.89-6.31 Gg CO-C yr(-1)) strengths are approximately in balance. Photoproduction accounts for 86% of the total CO source and microbial consumption takes up > 86% of the total CO loss term, leaving dark production and outgassing to be the minor source and sink terms, respectively. However, the dark source is similar in magnitude to the photochemical source in the organic-rich Upper Estuary. The photochemical dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loss in the study area was elaborated using CO as a proxy of photoproduction of CO2 and biolabile DOC. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.; The rates of photoproduction, dark production, microbial consumption, and air-water exchange of dissolved carbon monoxide (CO) were independently assessed for the first time for a large sub-arctic estuarine water body, the Canadian St. Lawrence estuary system. Areal CO photoproduction in all four seasons increases from the Upper Estuary to the Lower Estuary to the northwestern (NW) Gulf of St. Lawrence. Areal microbial CO consumption and water-to-air flux follow the same order as photoproduction except in spring when the sequence of the Lower Estuary and the NW Gulf is reversed. Areal CO dark production tracks the ascending order of Lower Estuary < NW Gulf < Upper Estuary. Seasonally, the areal CO photoproduction and microbial CO consumption are highest in summer followed sequentially by spring, autumn, and winter. The areal CO dark production and water-to-air flux are in the ascending sequence of winter < spring < autumn < summer. Annual CO photoproduction, dark production, microbial consumption, and water-to-air flux in the St. Lawrence estuary and NW Gulf are estimated to be 4.91, 0.78, 5.45, and 0.44-0.86 Gg (gigagram) (Gg, 1 Gg=10(9) g) CO-C, respectively. These independently estimated source (5.69 Gg CO-C yr(-1)) and sink (5.89-6.31 Gg CO-C yr(-1)) strengths are approximately in balance. Photoproduction accounts for 86% of the total CO source and microbial consumption takes up > 86% of the total CO loss term, leaving dark production and outgassing to be the minor source and sink terms, respectively. However, the dark source is similar in magnitude to the photochemical source in the organic-rich Upper Estuary. The photochemical dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loss in the study area was elaborated using CO as a proxy of photoproduction of CO2 and biolabile DOC. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
文章类型	Article
资助机构	Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41006040]
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
关键词[WOS]	DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER ; SOUTHEASTERN BEAUFORT SEA ; BIOLOGICAL CONSUMPTION ; UPPER OCEAN ; PHOTOPRODUCTION ; CO ; GULF ; VARIABILITY ; ATLANTIC ; WATER
研究领域[WOS]	Oceanography
WOS记录号	WOS:000311654500013
引用统计	被引频次：13[WOS] [WOS记录] [WOS相关记录]
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.yic.ac.cn/handle/133337/6062
专题	中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室_海岸带环境过程实验室
作者单位	1.Univ Quebec, Inst Sci Mer Rimouski, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Key Lab Coastal Zone Environm Proc, Yantai 264003, Shandong, Peoples R China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zhang, Yong,Xie, Huixiang. The sources and sinks of carbon monoxide in the St. Lawrence estuarine system[J]. DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY,2012,81-84(.):114-123.
APA	Zhang, Yong,&Xie, Huixiang.(2012).The sources and sinks of carbon monoxide in the St. Lawrence estuarine system.DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY,81-84(.),114-123.
MLA	Zhang, Yong,et al."The sources and sinks of carbon monoxide in the St. Lawrence estuarine system".DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY 81-84..(2012):114-123.

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