YIC-IR研究单元&专题: 环境化学实验室
<font><font id="zoom"> <font face="黑体, arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="3" class="Apple-style-span"> </font><font face="黑体, arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2" class="Apple-style-span">环境化学实验室现有在职人员8人,其中具有博士学位的职工6人。该室现有研究员1人,副研究员2人,助理研究员4人,学术秘书1人。 <br /> 自2006年以来,该研究团队已在J. Am. Chem. Soc.、Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.、Anal. Chem.等SCI收录期刊发表研究论文二十余篇,中文核心期刊论文十余篇,申请发明专利16项。该团队已承担国家“863”计划、国家自然科学基金、山 东省自然科学“杰出青年”基金、山东省科技发展计划等多个项目。团队负责人秦伟研究员被授予山东省“海岸带环境监测”岗位“泰山学者”特聘专家、“新世纪 百千万人才工程”国家级人选等称号。目前,已培养博士生9名、硕士生9名。其中,1人获中科院“院长特别奖”、2人次获中科院“院长优秀奖”、1人获教育 部博士研究生学术新人奖、 2人次获“朱李月华优秀博士生奖”、 1人获中科院“三好学生标兵”称号、1人获国际电分析化学会议“Top-Ten Excellent Poster Presentation”奖、9人次获中科院“三好学生”称号。 </font></font></font>
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/0/4
2024-03-28T11:03:58Z
2024-03-28T11:03:58Z
科研院所阳光采购与管理的探索和实践
李宪栋
王刚
杨玉玮
高玲瑜
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/24330
2020-07-08T09:43:54Z
2020-07-07T12:04:57Z
题名: 科研院所阳光采购与管理的探索和实践
作者: 李宪栋; 王刚; 杨玉玮; 高玲瑜
摘要: 科研物资采购具有小批量、多品种、高质量等特点,供应商分散、信息不对称、供应商品质难以判断,采购随意性强,廉洁从业风险防控的工作难以落实,导致"采购难、核算难、监管难"等问题。本文以烟台海岸带研究所为例,阐述科研机构物资采购管理的探索与实践,为科研机构物资采购风险防控探索新的渠道和形式。
2020-07-07T12:04:57Z
基于动力学响应的聚合物膜电位型传感器的构建及在环境分析中的应用
刘淑文
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/24126
2020-01-14T22:05:08Z
2020-01-14T08:15:25Z
题名: 基于动力学响应的聚合物膜电位型传感器的构建及在环境分析中的应用
作者: 刘淑文
摘要: <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have been widely used in the fields of bioanalysis and environmental monitoring, due to their attractive features including simple instrumentation, rapid response and low cost. The potential response of a conventional ISE based on thermodynamic equilibrium is related to the activity of the ion of interest, which can be expressed by Nernst equation. However, the traditional polymeric membrane ISEs suffer from problems of the low sensitivity during the response slope due to the Nernst equation and of the presence of various interfering ions for environmental monitoring. Additionally, one traditional polymeric membrane ISE only responses to one specific ion, but cannot be used for detection of multiple ananlytes. ISEs based on dynamic responses show the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, excellent reversibility and capability for detection of multiple ananlytes. In this thesis, a series of polymeric membrane ISEs based on dynamic potentiometry are described. By precisely controlling the ion fluxes of polymeric membrane electrodes, the speciation informations and improved sensitivity can be obtained. Transition time, a new readout is proposed to reduce the interference of high background electrolyte. The dual-or multianalyte detection using a single membrane electrode can be achieved by the integration of logic gate operations with potentiometric measurements. A highly sensitive potentiometric biosensor is also proposed based on biological amplification. The contents of the thesis are as follows:</span></span></span></p>
<ol>
<li>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt">Detection of free and total ionic concentrations by using calcium-selective polymeric membrane electrodes</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">Calcium is a widespread and important element, and many</span> <span style="font-size:12pt">physiological effects are related to its speciation. The speciation analysis of calcium is of key importance for understanding bioavailability and reactivity in natural and biomedical environments. In this work, we have developed two kinds of calcium-selective polymeric membrane electrodes (Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISEs) with different inner filling solutions for the detection of free and total ionic concentrations in the presence of EDTA and humic acid. The results indicate that the free Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity, which could be as low as 10<sup>-6</sup> M, can be obtained by the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE (I) with the inner filling solution of 10<sup>-3</sup> M CaCl<sub>2</sub>, while the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE(II) with the inner filling solution of 10<sup>-3</sup> M CaCl<sub>2</sub> and 5 × 10<sup>-2</sup> M<sup> </sup>Na<sub>2</sub>EDTA adjusted to pH 9.0, exhibits an apparently super-Nernstian response</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">(</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">ΔE = </span><span style="font-size:12pt">180 mV</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">)</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">in the concentration range of 10<sup>-6</sup> -10<sup>-5</sup> M Ca<sup>2+</sup>. Within the super-Nernstian potential response range, the potential is found to be linearly related to the total Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration, rather than the free Ca<sup>2+</sup> activity. Based on these properities, both the total and free ionic concentrations can be obtained by the proposed Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISEs with different inner filling solutions. The proposed ion-selective polymeric membrane provides a simple and effective method for speciation analysis.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">2.</span> <span style="font-size:12pt">Current pulse based ion-selective electrodes for chronopotentiometric determination of calcium in seawater</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">The theoretical slope of the traditional Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE based on thermodynamic equilibrium is about 30 mV/dec, which means that a potential difference of 1 mV causes a 8% change in the activity of Ca<sup>2+</sup>. This may be problemetic for detection of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in seawater by using the traditional Ca<sup>2+</sup>-selective electrode, due to the slight changes in the activity of Ca<sup>2+ </sup>in seawater. Therefore, it’s required to develop a highly sensitive and accurate method for determination Ca<sup>2+</sup> in seawater. In this work, we have developed a current pulse based ion-selective electrode with enhanced sensitivity for chronopotentiometric measurements of calcium in seawater. The Ca<sup>2+</sup>-selective membrane containing lipophilic salt ETH 500 instead of traditional ion-exchanger is galvanostatically controlled. Under the background solution containing 0.5 M NaCl, an applied constant cathodic current pulse can leads to the extraction of the calcium ions into the membrane to produce a chronopotential response, which shows a stable and reproducible super-Nernstian response in a narrow calcium activity range. The super-Nernstian region of the electrode depends on not only the magnitude and duration of the applied current pulse but also the interfering ions. Under optimal conditions, the proposed Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE exhibits a super-Nernstian response between the calcium concentrations of 10<sup>-2.5</sup>–10<sup>-1.5</sup> M with a slope of ca 80 mV/dec. Additionally, the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE shows high selectivity towards Na<sup>+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and K<sup>+</sup>. The current pulse based Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE has been applied to determination of calcium in seawater with satisfactory results. Compared with those of the conventional Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE, the standard deviations obtained by proposed Ca<sup>2+</sup>-ISE proposed are significantly reduced. </span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">3.</span> <span style="font-size:12pt">Detection of calcium in seawater based on transition time resolved chronopotentiometry</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">In dynamic potentiometry, the potentiometric responses of polymeric membrane ISEs are reported to be significantly influenced by the presence of the background electrolyte. Therefore, it’s necessary to develop a promising approach which is less disturbed by the background electrolyte for determination Ca<sup>2+</sup> concentration in seawater. In this work, an ion-selective electrode with transition time as a readout signal for chronopotentiometric measurement of calcium concentration in seawater is proposed. The proposed Ca<sup>2+</sup>-selective membrane doesn’t contain a traditional ion exchanger. When a constant cathodic current pulse with a long duration is applied on the Ca<sup>2+</sup>-selective membrane, the localized depletion of calcium ions at the transition time occurs, which subsequently results in the co-extraction of calcium and sodium ions from the sample solution into the membrane phase. The square root of transition time, i.e. a potential change (inflection point) of the chronopotentiometry is proportional to the calcium concentration, which is can be expressed by the Sand equation. Additionally, it’s found that the transition time is related to the magnitude of the applied current and the membrane thickness, rather than the presence of the background electrolyte. The proposed chronopotentiometry with transition time as a readout signal is an attractive methodology to detect the calcium concentration in seawater.</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">4.</span><span style="font-size:12pt"> Chronopotentiometric aptasensing platform based on a G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme and logic-gate operations for detection of KANA and OTC</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-size:12pt">Conventional potentiometric ion sensors that rely on a specific ion carrier in a polymeric membrane can hardly achieve multianalyte detection. Inspired by the remarkable ability of built-in logic gates sensors for multianalyte detection, herein we report a potentiometric aptasensing platform based on a G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme and logic gate operations for determination of two analytes using a single membrane electrode</span> <span style="font-size:12pt">for the first time. A bifunctional aptamer and a signal reporter nucleic acid are assembled on the magnetic beads to form a DNA hybrid structure. The “OR” and “INHIBIT” logic functions can be performed by using the two aptamers and their targets as inputs, and using the chronopotentiometric response based on the G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-mediated oxidation of TMB as output. Kanamycin</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">(</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">KANA</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">)</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"> and oxytetracycline</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">(</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">OTC</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">)</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">have been employed as the models. Under optimal conditions, the dual targets can be sensed in the range from 10 to 100 nM, with the detection limits of 7.5 and 9.8 nM (3σ) for KANA and OTC, respectively. <span style="color:#000000">The potentiometric aptasensing protocol has been evaluated with spiked seawater samples with satisfactory results.</span></span></span></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">5. </span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="background-color:white">Chronopotentiometric aptasensing with signal amplification based on enzyme-catalyzed surface polymerization</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"> for detection of OTC</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="color:#000000">In recent years, potentiometric biosensing based on the blocking effect of ion fluxes has aroused considerable interest. However, the sensing based on the surface blocking of the passive ion fluxes across the polymeric membrane may suffer from problems of relatively small potentiometric signals and poor reproducibilities. Chronopotentiometry can not only rapidly and precisely control the ion fluxes across the polymeric membrane but also improve the reproducibility of the electrode. </span><span style="color:#000000">In this work, chronopotentiometric biosensor based on in situ enzyme-catalyzed dopamine polymerization is proposed for blocking of the active surface area for a high sensitivity. </span><span style="color:#000000">A signal amplification strategy based on HRP induced biocatalyzed polymerization of dopamine and surface coating has been designed and applied for the chronopotentiometric detection of aptamer-target binding events. Using the pulsed galvanostatic measurement protocol, the polydopamine layer adhering to the ion selective membrane (ISM) would effectively block the current-induced indicator ions and subsequently results in a decrease of the potential response. The target binding induced chronopotential changes of the Ca</span><sup><span style="color:#000000">2+</span></sup><span style="color:#000000">-ISM is used for highly sensitive detection of target. Oxytetracycline (OTC), as an extensively used antibiotic, has been employed as a model. Under the optimized condition, the chronopotentiometric aptasensor exhibits high sensitivity for the quantitative detection of OTC with a detection limit of 28 pM (3σ/S). The potentiometric aptasensing protocol has been evaluated with spiked seawater samples with satisfactory results.</span></span></p>
摘要: <p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">聚合物膜离子选择性电极检测技术具有仪器简单、分析速度快、检测成本低、易于实现微型化等优点,已在生物分析和环境检测等领域得到应用广泛。传统的</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">离子选择性电极检测基于热力学平衡原理,电位响应与待测离子的活度符合能斯特方程。虽然</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">聚合物膜离子选择性电极已被报导用于环境分析,但是受热力学能斯特响应特征的局限以及环境基体的影响,电极测定灵敏度及抗干扰能力有待提高。此外,基于能斯特响应的离子选择性电极仅能用于单一目标物检测,难以实现多种目标物检测。</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">动力学电位分析法具有灵敏度高、选择性好、可逆性强、可实现多组份分析等优势,因此本论文发展一系列基于动力学响应的聚合物敏感膜电极,通过离子通量的调控,实现对待测离子的形态分析和高灵敏检测;采用新的输出方式,降低环境中背景电解质的干扰;开发基于逻辑门和核酸适配体电位传感器,用于不同靶分子的检测,实现在单一聚合物敏感膜上的多组分分析;将生物放大等技术引入电位传感器的设计,实现信号放大和高灵敏电位检测。</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">研究工作概况如下:</span></span></span></p>
<ol>
<li><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极检测游离钙和总钙浓度</span></span></span></li>
</ol>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">钙是自然界广泛存的一种元素,许多重要的生理作用与钙的存在形态密切关系。</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">因此,钙的形态分析对于了解自然环境中的生物利用度和反应活性具有重要意义。</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">本文发展了</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">种聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极,通过改变内充液的组成,分别实现了溶液中游离的钙离子活度以及在络合剂乙二胺四乙酸钠(</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">EDTA</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">)和腐殖酸存在下总钙浓度的检测。研究结果表明:当聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极的内充液为</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">10<sup>-3 </sup></span><span style="color:#000000">M CaCl</span><sub><span style="color:#000000">2</span></sub></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span style="color:#000000">时,可实现低至</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">10<sup>-6</sup></span><span style="color:#000000"> M </span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span style="color:#000000">游离的钙离子活度的检测;而当聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极的内充液为</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">10<sup>-3</sup></span><span style="color:#000000"> M CaCl</span><sub><span style="color:#000000">2</span></sub></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体"><span style="color:#000000">与</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">5 × 10<sup>-2</sup></span><span style="color:#000000"> M Na</span><sub><span style="color:#000000">2</span></sub><span style="color:#000000">EDTA </span></span></span><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">(</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">pH 9.0</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">)的混合溶液时,电极在</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">10<sup>-6</sup></span><span style="color:#000000">-10</span><sup><span style="color:#000000">-5</span></sup><span style="color:#000000"> M Ca</span><sup><span style="color:#000000">2+</span></sup></span></span><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">范围内产生从样品溶液相到敏感膜相较强的钙离子通量,并伴随超能斯特现象发生,电位差值约</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">180 mV</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">,电极的电位响应与总钙浓度成线性相关,而与游离的钙离子浓度无关。据此,可实现以聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极对游离钙离子活度和总钙浓度的分析。本方法为进一步开展环境水体形态分析提供了一种简单、有效的技术手段。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">2. </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">基于脉冲恒电流控制的聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极检测海水中钙离子</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">传统的钙离子选择性电极基于热力学平衡,电极的响应符合能斯特方程,响应斜率仅为</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">30 mV/dec</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">。在这种情况下,</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">1mV</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">电位变化会引起</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">8 %</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">的误差。海水中钙离子浓度变化很小,采用传统的钙离子选择性电极检测时会引起较大的误差。因此,需要发展一种高灵敏度的钙离子选择性电极。本文发展了一种基于脉冲恒电流控制的聚合物膜钙离子选择性电极,实现了海水中钙离子的高灵敏检测。该电极敏感膜以惰性亲脂盐</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ETH 500</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">代替传统的离子交换剂,在这种情况下,通过膜相的离子通量完全由所施加脉冲恒电流控制。在</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">0.5 M NaCl</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">背景条件下,通过向电极敏感膜施加阴极脉冲恒电流,使得待测溶液中的钙离子被有效萃取到膜相,产生计时电位响应,用于钙离子检测。通过对所施加阴极脉冲电流的时间和大小优化,电极在</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">10<sup>-3</sup></span><span style="color:#000000">—10</span><sup><span style="color:#000000">-2</span></sup><span style="color:#000000"> M Ca</span><sup><span style="color:#000000">2+</span></sup> </span></span><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">浓度范围内呈超能斯特响应,响应斜率为</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">80 mV/ dec</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">。该电极对海水中高含量的</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Na<sup>+</sup></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Mg<sup>2+</sup></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">K<sup>+ </sup></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">具有较高的选择性,且表现出良好的重复性。将该电极应用于实际海水钙离子浓度的检测,测定结果与</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">ICP-AES</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">法相吻合;与传统电位法相比,本方法降低了测定的标准偏差。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">3. </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">以过渡时间为输出信号的计时电位分析法检测海水中钙离子浓度</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">对于动力学电位分析法</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">,</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">以电位为输出信号的聚合物膜钙</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">离子选择性电极检测钙离子浓度时,通常会受到背景电解质的干扰。因此,需要发展一种受背景电解质干扰小的检测方法。本章提出以过渡时间作为分析信号的计时电位分析技术,用于海水高背景电解质条件下钙离子浓度的检测。钙离子选择性敏感膜内不包含离子交换剂,当向敏感膜相施加较长时间的阴极恒电流时,钙离子在敏感膜表面耗尽,此时背景离子钠离子随着主离子钙离子一起被萃取到膜相以保持施加的离子通量。钙离子在敏感膜表面耗尽的时间被称为过渡时间,表现为电位随时间瞬态斜率的变化。根据</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">Sand</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">方程,以施加恒电流时获得过渡时间的平方根为定量信号,用于钙离子浓度检测。通过改变施加恒电流的大小以及敏感膜的厚度,可以实现对过渡时间的优化。实验结果表明,过渡时间几乎不受背景电解质的干扰。因此,本章提出的以过渡时间作为分析信号的计时电位分析技术,可用于海水中钙离子浓度的检测。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"> </p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">4. </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">基于</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体脱氧核酶和逻辑门操作的电位型核酸适配体传感器检测卡那霉素和土霉素</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">传统电位型传感器的响应主要与聚合物敏感膜相的离子载体有关。因而,聚合物膜离子选择性电极主要应用于单一离子的检测,难以用于多种目标的检测。分子逻辑门通常需要分子能够对两种或以上的外界刺激有所响应,并由二进位布尔逻辑规则在分子体系实现输入信号到输出信号的转换。本文首次在单一敏感膜电极基础上,发展了基于</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体脱氧核酶和逻辑门操作的双组份检测的电位型核酸适配体传感器。将双功能核酸适配体和</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体核酸序列固定在磁珠上,形成</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">DNA</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">杂交结构;采用“</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">OR</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">”或“</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">INHIBIT</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">”逻辑操作,实现对卡那霉素和土霉素的同时电位检测。在“</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">OR</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">”逻辑操作中,以待测的抗生素作为输入信号,以不同抗生素产生的电位响应为输出信号。当有目标物存在时,目标物能够与磁珠上相应的核酸适配体作用,从而释放出</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体脱氧核酶信号输出序列;该序列能够与血红素作用形成</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体脱氧核酶,进而在</span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="color:#000000">H<sub>2</sub></span><span style="color:#000000">O</span><sub><span style="color:#000000">2</span></sub></span></span><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">存在条件下催化底物生成阳离子反应中间体</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">TMB<sup>+</sup></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">,产生计时电位响应。在“</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">INHIBIT</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">”逻辑操作中,以不同抗生素以及其特异性识适体分别作为输入信号,各输入信号产生的电位响应为输出信号。当待测抗生素与其适体同时存在时,其适体将抑制抗生素与磁珠上的核酸适配体作用,则不产生</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">G-</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">四链体脱氧核酶信号输出序列释放。在最优条件下,该传感器对卡那霉素和土霉素的检出限为</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">7.5 nM</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">和</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman">9.8 nM</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">,并能成功用于海水中卡那霉素和土霉素的检测。</span></span></span></p>
<p style="margin-left:0cm; margin-right:0cm"><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">5.</span> </span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">基于</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">酶催化聚合诱导离子通量阻碍效应的电位型核酸适配体传感器检测土霉素</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="color:#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">近年来,基于对离子通量阻碍效应的电位传感技术已受到广泛关注。但是,基于聚合物敏感膜表面阻碍被动离子通量的传感技术往往存在电位响应信号小以及重现性差等问题。计时电位分析可以快速精确地控制离子选择性电极的跨膜离子通量,显著提高电极响应的重现性。在此基础上,我们提出了一种原位酶催化聚合诱导离子通量阻碍效应的电位生物传感器,用于对目标物的高灵敏检测。该传感器的分子识别基于核酸适配体与目标物的高亲和性结合作用,其信号放大基于</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">HRP</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">催化多巴胺在聚合物敏感膜表面沉积形成牢固附着的聚多巴胺层。在脉冲恒电流条件下,该聚多巴胺层可以有效阻碍从水相至到敏感膜相的钙离子通量,从而降低电位响应,实现对目标物的高灵敏检测。本文选取抗生素土霉素为目标物。在优化条件下,该计时电位生物传感器对土霉素的检出限为</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt">28 pM</span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="font-family:宋体">,并能成功用于海水中土霉素的检测。</span></span></span></p>
2020-01-14T08:15:25Z
一种水基型原油污染场地表面清洗剂
胡学锋
章海波
骆永明
李栋
李莎莎
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/22435
2018-06-19T06:16:47Z
2017-06-23T13:10:54Z
题名: 一种水基型原油污染场地表面清洗剂
作者: 胡学锋; 章海波; 骆永明; 李栋; 李莎莎
摘要: The invention relates to the field of cleaning agents and in particular relates to a surface cleaning agent for a water based crude oil pollution site. The surface cleaning agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight : 2-12 percent of a surfactant, 1.5-7.3 percent of a promoter and the balance of water. The crude oil cleaning agent aims at petroleum crude oil pollution, has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, weakening labor intensity, lowering cleaning cost and convenience in use, is wide in application range, mainly aims at various surfaces, polluted by petroleum, including equipment surfaces of petrochemical plant, vehicle body surfaces of transport vehicles and surfaces of cement roads to carry out cleaning and is also capable of cleaning decks and cabins of offshore oil platforms and beach pollutions caused by marine oil spill.
摘要: 本发明涉及清洗剂领域,特别涉及一种水基型原油污染场地表面清洗剂。清洗剂按重量百分比计,2-12%表面活性剂、1.5-7.3%助剂,余量为水。本发明原油清洗剂针对石油原油油污,具有安全、环保、减轻劳动强度、降低清洗成本、使用方便的优点。本发明的原油清洗剂应用范围广,主要针对石油污染的各种表面,比如石油化工厂的设备表面、运输车的车体表面、水泥道路表面进行清洗,也可以在海洋石油平台甲板、舱室清洗,以及海洋溢油造成的海滩污染清洗。
2017-06-23T13:10:54Z
一种锰离子比色法检测试剂盒及其检测方法
陈兆鹏
张耀文
陈令新
张志阳
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/22333
2018-06-19T06:16:47Z
2017-06-23T13:06:06Z
题名: 一种锰离子比色法检测试剂盒及其检测方法
作者: 陈兆鹏; 张耀文; 陈令新; 张志阳
摘要: The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental and biological analysis, and more specifically relates to a manganese ion colorimetry detection kit, and a detection method thereof. The manganese ion colorimetry detection kit is composed of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution, a potassium periodate solution, a nitrilotriacetic acid solution, a gold nanorod solution containing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), a standard colourimetric card C, and a colorimetric tube; in the gold nanorod solution containing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), the concentration of nano rod is controlled to be 0.5 to 10nM, and the concentration of CTAB is controlled to be 0.01 to 100mM. The detection method is high in sensitivity and selectivity, and is simple in operation; naked-eye observation can be realized easily; and detection of manganese ions in environment samples can be realized under systematic experiment condition debugging.
摘要: 本发明涉及环境和生物分析技术领域,具体的说是一种锰离子比色法检测试剂盒及其检测方法。试剂盒为醋酸?醋酸钠缓冲溶液、高碘酸钾溶液、氨三乙酸溶液、含十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的金纳米棒溶液、标准比色卡C和比色管;所述含十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的金纳米棒溶液中,纳米棒的浓度为0.5?10nM,CTAB浓度为0.01?100mM。本发明检测锰离子的方法,具有灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简单、肉眼容易观测等优点,在系统的实验条件的调试下,可以实现环境样品中锰离子的检测。
2017-06-23T13:06:06Z
ANYL 121-A novel potentiometric method by using a polymeric membrane electrode
Guo, Huimin
Liu, Xin
*Qin, Wei
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4936
2018-06-19T06:16:48Z
2011-07-25T08:49:22Z
题名: ANYL 121-A novel potentiometric method by using a polymeric membrane electrode
作者: Guo, Huimin; Liu, Xin; *Qin, Wei
2011-07-25T08:49:22Z
A hybrid genetic algorithm in PBRDF modeling
Feng,Weiwei
Wei,Qingnong
Li,Jinhua
Chen,Lingxin
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4795
2018-09-13T01:23:57Z
2011-07-22T12:25:22Z
题名: A hybrid genetic algorithm in PBRDF modeling
作者: Feng,Weiwei; Wei,Qingnong; Li,Jinhua; Chen,Lingxin
摘要: The polarized light scattered by the surface of a material contains information that can be used to describe the properties of the surface. Polarized Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (PBRDF) is one of the most important factors used to represent the property of the surface. Because there is complex nonlinear relationship between the experimental results and model parameters, genetic algorithm is used to retrieve the model parameters. One drawback of the traditional genetic algorithm is that the convergence speed is slow and easy to fall into the local minimization. On the base of the traditional genetic algorithm to retrieve the parameters, simulated annealing (SA) algorithm is used to optimize the modeling of the PBRDF. The model for PBRDF and the designation of the hybrid algorithm is given in detail. For one typical painted surface, both the experiment results and the model calculation results are given. The calculation results of the model are demonstrated consistent well with the experimental results. The error convergence curve shows that, the hybrid genetic algorithm can avoid falling into the local minimization, and shorten the running time for the target function. Therefore, it is applicable used as a reference for target feature extraction and recognition in the future. © 2010 IEEE.
2011-07-22T12:25:22Z
Measurement of the Muller matrix for painted surfaces with a kind of scatterometer
Feng,Weiwei
Wei,Qingnong
Chen,Lingxin
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4797
2018-09-13T01:23:46Z
2011-07-22T12:25:22Z
题名: Measurement of the Muller matrix for painted surfaces with a kind of scatterometer
作者: Feng,Weiwei; Wei,Qingnong; Chen,Lingxin
摘要: The polarized light scattered by the surface of a material contains information that can be used to describe the properties of the surfaces. Polarized Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) is one of the most important factors used to represent the property of the surface. It uses a 4x4 matrix (Mueller matrix) to describe the properties of the light scattered from the surface. In order to measure the Mueller matrix of the samples, a new three axis automated scatterometer has been developed to measure the Mueller matrix of painted surfaces. It can do measurement at any illumination and viewing geometric of the hemisphere and it is more convenient for far-field measurement is presented. The design of the instrument is different to the traditional scatterometer. The significant characteristic of the instrument is that the detector and polarization analyzer are fixed, while the source and the incident optical elements rotate on a stage together. All the possible incident and viewing positions can be reached through the rotation of three motors. The rotations of the motors are fed back through photoelectric- encoders, the "closed loop" control mode ensured the precision of the position. Through coordinate transformations, the measurement in three dimensions can be simplified in two dimensional form, the details of the coordinate transformations will be described in detail in this paper. The dualrotating retarders method is used to modulate polarizing and analyzing optics. Two retarders rotate synchronously at angular speed and respectively. For every position, 16 measurements were done, and the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) method is used to retrieve the Mueller matrix of the sample. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) method is used to retrieve the Mueller matrix of the sample. The results of out-plane polarized bidirectional reflectance distribution function for samples coated with different paints are presented. © 2010 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.
2011-07-22T12:25:22Z
纳米四氧化三铁/离子载体修饰电极检测海水中痕量重金属铅
娄婷婷
潘大为
王元娥
宋德安
蒋琳
秦伟
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4331
2018-09-13T01:54:29Z
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z
题名: 纳米四氧化三铁/离子载体修饰电极检测海水中痕量重金属铅
作者: 娄婷婷; 潘大为; 王元娥; 宋德安; 蒋琳; 秦伟
摘要: A nano-iron oxides/Nafion/ionophore modified electrode was developed for determining trace level of lead ions in seawater.Due to the strong adsorption property of the nano-iron oxides and the selective coordination ability of the lead ionophore,the nano-iron oxides/Nafion/ionophore modified electrode showed excellent selectivity and high sensitivity for lead.Under the optimized conditions,a linear response over a broad range between 3~60 nmol/L and detection limited of 1nmol/L was obtained.The modified elec...
摘要: 制备了一种纳米四氧化三铁/离子载体(nano-Fe3O4/ionophore)修饰的玻碳电极,利用阳极溶出伏安法实现了海水中的痕量铅离子的测定。利用纳米四氧化三铁的高比表面积和铅离子载体(ionophore)能够提供与铅离子配合的位点或仅供铅离子通过的空穴,有效地提高了检测重金属离子的灵敏度和选择性。实验结果表明,在0.1 mol/L的醋酸/醋酸钠缓冲液中(pH 4.5),氧化峰电流与铅离子浓度在3~60 nmol/L内呈良好线性关系(R=0.987),线性回归方程为ip=0.82 C+1.61,方法检出限达1 nmol/L。将制备的修饰电极用于实际海水中铅离子的检测,其结果与ICP-MS法所测值基本相吻合。
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z
几种典型石油类污染物紫外激光诱导荧光光谱特性研究
冯巍巍
王锐
孙培艳
高振会
陈令新
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4329
2018-09-13T01:54:36Z
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z
题名: 几种典型石油类污染物紫外激光诱导荧光光谱特性研究
作者: 冯巍巍; 王锐; 孙培艳; 高振会; 陈令新
摘要: In order to realize the fast and non-contact detection of oil pollution in costal zone,the ultraviolet laser was used as the exciting source,a system used for oil pollution based on laser-induced-fluorescence(LIF) technology was established.The fluorescence spectra of several oil samples were measured through this system.The measurement results show that there are obvious differences among the fluorescence spectra of these samples,which can be used as a reference for oil pollution classification and recogni...
摘要: 为实现海岸带石油类污染物的快速与非接触性检测,文章基于激光诱导荧光探测技术,利用紫外激光作为激发光源,建立了石油类污染物荧光探测系统。利用此系统测量了多种石油类样品的荧光光谱信号,结果表明,不同种类的石油样品荧光信号存在较大差异,因此,荧光光谱可以作为石油类污染物分类识别的一种依据。
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z
全自动总氮在线分析仪的研制
孙西艳
冯巍巍
陈令新
http://ir.yic.ac.cn:80/handle/133337/4333
2021-11-18T08:58:44Z
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z
题名: 全自动总氮在线分析仪的研制
作者: 孙西艳; 冯巍巍; 陈令新
摘要: <p>The instrument combined the on-line heating digestion,the on-line cooling,the on-line cadmium column reduction,azo colorimetry and ultimately the use of flow injection analysis techniques to achieve the automatic on-line monitoring of total nitrogen.The system can automatically implement the entire process from an environmental sampling,pretreatment,measurement,data analysis to the final transmission without intervention.The method was proven to be less reagent,width linear range(0-100mg/L),the lower quanti..</p>
摘要: <p>将在线加热消解、在线冷却、镉柱还原与偶氮比色法相结合,并采用流动注射分析技术实现了全自动总氮分析仪的研制工作。该系统可在无人干预的情况下,自动地执行从环境采样、预处理、测定、数据分析和最终传输的全过程。实验证明,此系统消耗试剂量少,测定范围宽(0~100mg/L),检出限低(0.042mg/L),测定快速(3样/时),精密度高(RSD<0.43%),实际水样的加标回收率均在93.3%~103.0%之内,可用于在线快速测定总氮。 </p>
2011-07-21T08:00:37Z